Furthermore the polygenic nature of drought tolerance slows the. Therefore it is important to understand the genes expressed during drought stress11 and ultimately we will require drought resistant cotton varieties. This study was designed to evaluate the response of root growth of selected converted race stocks crs, tam94l. Pdf on jan 1, 2012, zhang jinfa and others published field screening for drought tolerance in cotton find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. R a development of screening method for drought tolerance. Atdreb2aca influences root architecture and increases. Droughtresistant crops and varieties some crops and varieties require less water than others once they are established. Abiotic stresses result in 70% to 80% average crop losses boyer, 1976 water is the primary limiting factor in. Treatments with salt, drought, and h2o2 induced the expression of. Allen institute for agricultural biosciences oklahoma state university.
Analysis of drought tolerance and associated traits in upland. Due to quantitative expression of drought tolerance trait, breeding efforts have not met the. Genotypic variation for drought tolerance in cotton. Progress and perspective on drought and salt stress tolerance. Cotton is mainly grown for its natural fiber and edible oil. Drought tolerance is a complex phenomenon involving mechanisms such as early maturity, avoidance, tolerance, and desiccation tolerance blum, 1988. Wild cotton harbors a number of favorable alleles, which can be exploited to aid in improving the narrow genetic base of the elite cotton cultivars. Insights into drought stress signaling in plants and the. Evaluation of drought tolerance candidate genes in cotton randy d. The research reported herein was designed to evaluate a screening method for drought tolerance in cotton gossypium hirsutum l.
Creating drought and salttolerant cotton by overexpressing. Stomata conductance could be a potential indicator of drought tolerance in cotton as there is a negative correlation between drought tolerance and stomata conductance. Abiotic stresses are major threats, and collectively led to 73% decline in cotton production worldwide 1. Identification of qtls and candidate genes for physiological. More work on cotton plants is needed, however, to link physiology, system biology and field performance. Dec 14, 2017 drought and salt tolerances are complex traits and controlled by multiple genes, environmental factors and their interactions. Request pdf molecular breeding of cotton for drought stress tolerance availability of freshwater to crops is declining year by year, so there is a need to exploit genetic mechanism of drought. Overexpression of avp1 in cotton, not only improved drought and salttolerance in greenhouse conditions, but also increased fiber yield in dryland field conditions. It seems drought could be major threat in future to high yield of cotton in pakistan as well around the globe because it is.
In order to have a conditional, reversible downregulation of aba, a group of canadian researchers used a drought inducible promoter to drive the antisense expression of era1, in both arabidopsis and canola plants 11. The fiber obtained from cotton is the indispensable raw material for the textile industries. The success of herbicide tolerance and bt bacillus thuringiensis cotton have paved the way for development of transgenic cotton having drought and salt tolerance 26,27,28. Fernandez designed and constructed a unique drought tolerance greenhouse laboratory last year that is fully automated and. Development of a screening method for drought tolerance in cotton seedlings p. Twentyone converted race stocks crs and two cultivars were evaluated for seedling drought tolerance on an. The plants response to drought is accompanied by the activation of genes involved in the perception of drought stress and in the transmission of the stress signal. Quantitative trait locus mapping of drought and salt.
Expression of drought tolerance in transgenic cotton. Seedling drought tolerance in upland cotton basal 2005. Development of a screening method for drought tolerance in. Tolerance against drought in t1 progeny of transgenic cotton gossypium hirsutum previously transformed with ghsp26 heat shock protein. Native cotton homologs constitutive expression of atabf3 in cotton. Cotton ghmkk1 induces the tolerance of salt and drought. R a development of screening method for drought tolerance in. The ever changing climatic condition, threatens cotton production due to a lack of sufficient water for its cultivation.
It could be resolved by developing droughttolerant cultivars. Involvement of nonenzymatic rosscavenging compounds. Overall ssr markers are most informative for characterization of cotton genotypes associated with drought tolerance trait followed by rapd. Other plants, specifically crops like corn, wheat, and rice. Breeding approaches for drought resistance in cotton. Examples of a few trees that are not droughttolerant include black cherry, dogwood, yellowpoplar, basswood, birch, buckeye and sycamore. Cotton is the most important fiber crop and is the basic input to the textile industry. Drought tolerance an overview sciencedirect topics. The present investigation on molecular characterization for drought tolerance in cotton was conducted at department of biotechnology, junagadh agricultural university, junagadh with objectives to evaluate molecular markers rapd, issr and ssr associated with drought tolerance in cotton and to study effects of drought on cotton with. Among the abiotic stresses, drought is recognized as the most devastating which limits the cotton production markedly.
However, their utility in cotton is not well established. It could be resolved by developing drought tolerant cultivars. Progress and perspective on drought and salt stress. Although conventional breeding has been successful in the past in developing drought tolerant cotton cultivars by modifying the morphological and physiological traits, yet the approach is time consuming and labor intensive. Overexpression of the rice sumo e3 ligase gene ossiz1 cotton. Genotypic variation for drought tolerance in cotton springerlink. High nitrogen enhance drought tolerance in cotton through. Drought tolerance is the ability to which a plant maintains its biomass production during arid or drought conditions. These data present an opportunity to use this strategy in cotton breeding programs in order to improve drought adaptation toward better rooting features. Increasing scarcity of irrigational water is a major threat to sustainable production of cotton gossypium hirsutum l. However, to further improve drought and salt tolerance in cotton, cooverexpression of avp1 and atnhx1 might be needed.
Pdf the objective of the study was to evaluate 38 new genotypes of gossypium hirsutum l. Genes that have been successful in improving drought tolerance include those encoding heatshock proteins. Genes that have been successful in improving drought tolerance include those encoding heatshock proteins hsps. The vegetables, grains and herbs on the following list were selected from seed catalogs and seed catalog websites that specifically mention the terms droughtresistant or droughttolerant in the variety description. The screening of 21 cotton genotypes for drought stress tolerance was done under water limiting conditions in field where drought stress was imposed based on three treatments along with control. Some plants are naturally adapted to dry conditions, surviving with protection mechanisms such as desiccation tolerance, detoxification, or repair of xylem embolism. The mechanism of drought tolerance involves the maintenance of turgor pressure through osmotic adjustment, increase in elasticity in cells, and decrease in cell size by protoplasmic resistance fig. Apr 16, 2015 besides drought tolerance assays in the greenhouse, we also evaluated the drought tolerance of the athdg11. Considering that, there is a need to drought tolerant cotton varieties to produce more seeds and fiber yield per plant without reduction of fiber quality at reduced irrigation frequencies as well.
A range of morphological and physiological traits have been linked to drought tolerance in plants, which include root morphology and rooting depth, plant architecture, leaf area, cuticular. Screening cotton genotypes for seedling drought tolerance. Arabidopsis edt1hdg11 improves drought and salt tolerance. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate 96 cotton genotypes for drought tolerance by measuring yield performance under deficit waterlimited and full. Drought stress affects the normal growth of plant by influencing physiological, morphological molecular and biochemical traits at cellular level. Jun 24, 2011 unique lab seeks drought tolerant traits in cotton, other plants. Pdf screening pakistani cotton for drought tolerance. Breeders and crop physiologists need to work closely in testing the viabilityvalidity of the traitbased approaches for drought tolerance. The synthesis of these compounds by the plant enhances tolerance to drought 8. It is a polygenic trait, controlled by multiple genes, which makes its manipulation difficult by genetic engineering. In the present study, gossypium hirsutum mkk1 ghmkk1 function was investigated. Seedling tolerance to drought stress is very important for optimum growth and development, however, the enhancement of plant stress tolerance through n application in cotton is not fully understood. Inducing drought tolerance in upland cotton gossypium. Through rtqpcr analysis, 5 genes were found to be the key genes involved in enhancing drought tolerance in cotton.
Plants lacking era1 activity have increased tolerance to drought, however are also severely compromised in yield. Osmotic adjustment and cellular membrane stability are welldocumented traits that help to sustain. Drought refers to low water availability for the longperiod of time, and a ects crop production 2. Molecular breeding of cotton for drought stress tolerance.
Although changes in root hair growth are difficult to observe in ghmkk3 silenced cotton, we found that the expression of genes associated with root. In cotton, species having diploid chromosome number encompass more drought tolerance feature due to their deep rooted nature 10. Characterization of the late embryogenesis abundant lea. Keywords dehydration responsive element binding factors, water deficit tolerance, gossypium hirsutum, physiological phenotyping, transcription factor, stressinducible promoter 1. Drought and salt tolerances are complex traits and controlled by multiple genes, environmental factors and their interactions. Screening of drought resistance indices and evaluation of drought. So far little is known on the functional role of mapkks in cotton. Ghabf2, a bzip transcription factor, confers drought and. Evaluation of drought tolerance candidate genes in cotton. Jul, 2018 comparative physiological analysis in the tolerance to salinity and drought individual and combination in two cotton genotypes with contrasting salt tolerance wasim ibrahim department of agronomy and zhejiang key laboratory of crop germplasm, college of agriculture and biotechnology, zijingang campus, zhejiang university, hangzhou, 310058 p. Ultimately the best determinant of drought tolerance is performance testing in droughty conditions because it encompasses most of the contributing factors that induce drought stress and measures the cotton plants inherent ability to recover and compensate in response to rainfall through the. Since drought is the most significant environmental stress in global agriculture, developing germplasm with improved yield under drought conditions is a major plant breeding goal cattivelli et al. Figure 3 a and b showed that two transgenic lines 3h. Pdf breeding for drought tolerance in cotton gossypium.
Mitogenactivated protein kinase kinases mapkk mediate a variety of stress responses in plants. Although drought and salt stress tolerances are presumed to be interconnected, the genetic basis is not fully. Jun 01, 2011 overexpression of avp1 in cotton, not only improved drought and salt tolerance in greenhouse conditions, but also increased fiber yield in dryland field conditions. Evaluation of droughttolerance strategies in cotton. Cooverexpression of avp1 and atnhx1 in cotton further. In cotton, closure of the stomata is the first step to reduce water loss during drought conditions, when the rate of transpiration is very high. These responses improve the wateruse efficiency of the plant on the short term. Drought is a condition of reduced or v ery low availability of water t o the plants for a prolonged period of. I also outline, where possible, the published and preliminary experiments in which transgenic modification of stress tolerance in cotton has been attempted.
Biotechnology for the development of drought tolerant crops. Pdf variability for drought tolerance in cotton gossypium. One group are genes that encode proteins that protect the cells from the effects of desiccation 9. Saleem2 1department of plant breeding and genetics, 2department of agronomy, university of agriculture faisalabad, pakistan corresponding authors email. Other plants, specifically crops like corn, wheat, and rice, have become increasingly tolerant to drought with.
Pdf the presence of genetically based difference in drought stress tolerance is a key for breeding cultivars with enhanced tolerance to water stress. To elucidate the drought tolerance phenomenon in cotton, a backcross population was developed from g. Osmotic adjustment and cellular membrane stability are welldocumented traits that help to sustain yield under drought in cereals. Genetic analysis of drought tolerance with respect to. Comparative physiological analysis in the tolerance to salinity and drought individual and combination in two cotton genotypes with contrasting salt tolerance wasim ibrahim department of agronomy and zhejiang key laboratory of crop germplasm, college of agriculture and biotechnology, zijingang campus, zhejiang university, hangzhou, 310058 p. Plant height, stem and leaf dry weight, leaf area, and node number in droughtstressed and wellwatered control plants of stonevelle 506 and tamcot hq95 at the end of the drought, 49 days after planting. Combining root morphological and plant physiological traits associ. In addition, abscisic acid aba, a plant stress hormone, induces the closure of leaf stomata microscopic pores involved in gas exchange, thereby reducing water loss through transpiration, and decreasing the rate of photosynthesis. Despite many decades of research on drought tolerance in several crops, little progress has been reported in terms of genetic enhancement of crop productivity under waterdeficits environments. Biotechnology for the development of drought tolerant. Mcmichael abstract the key to an efficient screening method is the ability to screen large amounts of plant material in the shortest time possible. Combining root morphological and plant physiological traits associated with drought tolerance should result in improved drought resistance in cotton gossypium hirsutum l. Overexpression of the rice sumo e3 ligase gene ossiz1. Ghmkk1 protein may activate its specific targets in both the nucleus and cytoplasm.
Arabidopsis edt1hdg11 improves drought and salt tolerance in. Only a few cotton protein kinases have been engineered and studied in arabidopsis and tobacco table 2. Aba, chlorophyll stability index, yield, drought, drought tolerant index. We report here that overexpression of ossiz1 in cotton results in higher net photosynthesis and better growth than wildtype cotton under drought and thermal stresses in growth chamber and greenhouse conditions. Development of screening method for drought tolerance in cotton genotypes based on aba, chlorophyll stability index and drought tolerant index. The genetic basis, quantitative trait loci and genes of cotton drought tolerance are presented as examples of genetic resources in plants. Unique lab seeks droughttolerant traits in cotton, other. Comparative physiological analysis in the tolerance to. Unique lab seeks droughttolerant traits in cotton, other plants. Besides drought tolerance assays in the greenhouse, we also evaluated the drought tolerance of the athdg11.
Effects of drought stress are estimated to affect more than 50% of the cotton growing regions. Pdf field screening for drought tolerance in cotton. Increased cotton production in the face of declining precipitation and availability of fresh water for agriculture use is the focus for breeders, cotton being the backbone of textile industries and a cash crop for many countries globally. Such screening parameters are useful in programs aimed at developing droughttolerant cotton varieties if variability is genetically controlled. Fernandez designed and constructed a unique droughttolerance greenhouse laboratory last year that is fully automated and. These species respond to drought by shedding their leaves prematurely or wilting. In ghmkk3silenced cotton, the results demonstrated an increase in the rate of water loss and sensitivity to drought, suggesting that ghmkk3 plays an important role in drought tolerance in cotton. Drought is one of the most important abiotic stresses and hampers many plant physiological processes under suboptimal nitrogen n concentration. Physiological traits coupled with water deficit tolerance by using. Droughttolerant plants usually have thick leaf waxes and bark, efficient stomatal control and extensive root systems.
650 913 73 869 565 1179 900 1008 1133 1469 1480 1000 617 708 300 1065 1440 963 738 593 1329 542 152 644 1379 1290 536 240 832 206 487 591 125 1165 902 1247 701